Contingency .....
At Take-off your minimum
fuel will be the sum of:
TRIP + CONTINGENCY +
ALTERNATE + FINAL RESERVE
Contingency is there in
case things don't go as planned .... the wind may be stronger ... you may not get the FL you
planned on .... perhaps there was a change of runway which meant extra track
miles ... HOWEVER, if all goes exactly to plan, you will not use contingency,
hence the 'PLANNED' landing mass at DESTINATION will include (CONTINGENCY +
ALTERNATE + FINAL RESERVE), and 'PLANNED' landing mass at alternate will
include (CONTINGENCY + FINAL RESERVE).
Nautical Air Miles =
Still Air Distance .... when
there is NO wind, NAM will be the same as NGM.
For this question we can
just use the formula:
NAM = NGM x (TAS/GS) .... (a version of this is given
in CAP697 Section 4 page 16 para 5.2.d)